rowing and paddling are completely different activities, and put very different stresses on the lower back. Getting injuries in one doesn't necessarily make you any more likely to injure in the other.. However there is no guarantee and the lumbar region "controls rotation"
Rowing has a large flexion/extension loading with very strong thigh muscle forces.
Paddling there should be less lower back load, the forces being rotational must come from a combination of upper back movement and hip pelvis movement with the lower back pivoting and providing control. Each lumbar spine segment only has less than 2 deg of rotation to an overall max of 15 deg for entire lumbar spine.
There has been some concern over rotation training putting xs load on the lower back as explained in the following article, however this training is not paddling and not sitting position.
www.cef.co.nz/articles/44-mark-article-1
www.strengthcoach.com/public/1107.cfm?sd=51
where the two activities overlap is the forward/upright position we are trying to maintain in the ski. if this is what your back doesn't like rowing then it will also not like it paddling, if you allow your spine to slump you may have issues.
there shouldn't be to much risk in trying a gentle paddle to test yr back.